Wild yam has a large native range encompassing most of the eastern united states, ending at. One of the beautys of the half hardy perennial dioscorea is its cinnamon fragranced flowers these bloom anytime from spring to autumn variety specific with small white flowers. The dioscorea spp examined included dioscorea rotundata white yam, d. As a result, the relationships between cultivated yams and their wild relatives are not well understood and this negatively affects the understanding of the evolution of cultivated yams. This means that they must set aside 10 to 30% of their yam harvest for planting material. Highthroughput sequencing hts methods are increasingly being used in the discovery of new plant viral genomes. Difficult experiences 5, first times 2, small group 29 17 copyrights. Dioscorea villosa supplement health benefits, dosage. The lack of highquality diseasefree seeds is one of the main constraints for the local production of yam. Effect of amylopectin structure on the gelatinization and.
Field and storage fungi diseases of yam dioscorea spp. It is sometimes called chinese potato or by its japanese name nagaimo it is a perennial climbing vine, native to china and east asia. The plants database includes the following 30 species of dioscorea. The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Metabolite profiling of dioscorea yam species reveals. Improving the food quality of yams dioscorea spp is an ongoing challenge to yam breeders and researchers. Dioscorea altissima dunguey dioscorea bulbifera air yam dioscorea cayenensis yellow guinea yam dioscorea composita yam dioscorea. Both of these species originated in southeast asia and very early were carried by voyagers into the western pacific and brought d. Thus, although dioscorea was introduced by the thomsonian school in medicine, it became a favorite in the eclectic school, where for decades it has found a cordial reception. They are mostly grown for their starchy tubers both cultivated and wild and for medicinal properties. To gain an insight into the genetic diversity and molecular evolution of ymmv, 89 isolates from west africa, asia, south pacific, and america were analyzed phylogenetically by using sequence between the 3.
This effect suggests dioscorea villosa is a potentially useful supplement for skin. The two most important ones in the pacific are dioscorea alata greater yam, water yam and dioscorea esculenta lesser yam, potato yam. Covered with large leaves, it can quickly grow into the tops of tall trees. The phylogeny of this genus is not yet fully resolved. Therefore, the data on the photodegradation of dithianon. The forests of odisha form a major part of the eastern ghats. A combined approach for detecting yam dioscorea spp. However, only 18 % of the local demand is currently produced on the island. Characterizing diversity in composition and pasting properties of tuber flour in yam germplasm dioscorea spp. It is closely related to air potato dioscorea bulbifera.
For a robust metabolic analysis of these tissues, leaf at fi. While edible dioscorea species should lack ex ceeding amounts of steroids, a preferably high. Material and methodology biological material the present study was undertaken in. View as pdf for printing view as latex for geeks switch colors dioscorea spp. To produce yams for eating or marketing, most farmers in the pacific plant yam setts that weigh 100 to 600 g or more. The 1980 list was based upon the work of the regional committee in southeast asia and its descriptor numbers are given in parentheses beside the present. Characterizing diversity in composition and pasting.
To date, several viruses of different genera have been reported to infect yam dioscorea spp. There are several species in the genus dioscorea that are known as yams. In an analysis of 4 wild nepalese yam species, including dioscorea bulbifera, bahndari and kawabata 2004 found that constituent chemicals in the yams \tend to imply thatwild yams may present a health hazard potential, which in turn demands propor processing before consumption to eliminate the effects of the antinutrients. Experiments were conducted to assess the potential of two gibberellin inhibitors, uniconazolep and prohexadionecalcium, to induce sprouting in tubers from three varieties of d. Dioscorea plant growing guide how to grow cinnamon vine.
Examining the physicochemical, functional and rheological properties in flours of farmers 7 key yam dioscorea spp. Three yam species constitute the staple food for more than 60 million people in. Genetic diversity and genome recombination in yam mild. Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2008 v. The plant diversity is distributed from the western ghats to eastern ghats, along with the northeastern region and from the greater himalayas to the plain of ganga. Enhanced photodegradation of applied dithianon fungicides.
The dioscorea genus contains more than 600 species, 14 of which have edible tubers. Winged yam dioscorea alata is another nonnative, invasive vine in florida. The results indicated that the yam amylopectins examined showed an average degree of polymerization. Yams are starchy staples in the form of large tubers produced by herbaceous annual and perennial trailing vines grown in africa, the americas, the caribbean, south pacific and asia. Storage rot of some yams dioscorea spp in keffi and. Five5 towns, kana,kofa gwari, laminga, garaku and kokona in keffi local government area, nasarawa state, nigeria were. Karakteristik tepung prebiotik umbi uwi dioscorea spp.
A reference highdensity genetic map of greater yam dioscorea. The edible tubers are cultivated largely in asia and sometimes used in alternative medicine. The common name for the genus, yams, will be used when discussing information applicable to 2 or more of the above species. However, the photodegradation of the dithianon fungicides on plant leaves and in aqueous solutions or suspensions have not been reported up to now. A reliable means to induce sprouting in dormant seed tubers of yams dioscorea species is required to enhance flexibility in planting date and rate of propagation of the crop. The full diversity of viruses infecting yam, however, remains to be explored. The genus dioscorea dioscoreaceae contains several economically important species for human consumption, medical and pharmaceutical uses. A study was carried out on the storage rot of yams dioscorea spp in keffi and environs, nasarawa state. In this study, we employed hts on yam to determine whether any undiscovered viruses were present that would. Chinese yam comprising of 7584% starch, 68% crude protein and 1. Wilson 80 reported progress made at iita during 19751980 on field selections for resistance to tuber yield reduction by fungal leaf diseases caused by.
Yam traditional pacific island crops research guides. Yam is the common name applied to plants of about 500 species of the genus dioscorea of the dioscoreaceae family. Forty accessions of d alata were evaluated for the suitability of their tubers for the preparation of two dominant food forms boiled and pounded as part of an effort to identify potential parents for use in genetic improvement. Examining the physicochemical, functional and rheological. How to grow dioscorea plants in your garden gardeners hq guide to growing cinnamon vine, yam, and colic root. Yield loss caused by yam mosaic virus ymv and cucumber.
Dioscorea sansibarensis pax section macroura, zanzibar yam. Plants free fulltext molecular characterization of a. Phytochemistry and therapeutic potential of medicinal. Yang mh, chen yy 1982 steroidal sapogenins in dioscorea collettii. Basic list of descriptors for edible dioscorea species. Dioscorea alata has been selected for leaf virus and scorch tolerance among clones. It is a highly invasive plant included in the global compendium of weeds randall, 2012, and which creates management problems in many parts. Disease incidence on dioscorea rotundata ranged from 33. The microorganisms which caused rotting on experimental reinoculation into yam tubers were the fungi, botryodiplodia theobromae, penicillium sp.
Some common dioscorea species of similipal biosphere reserve. Dioscorea villosa is one of the species of yam referred to as wild yam dioscorea villosa has been claimed to alleviate symptoms of menopause, but there is currently no evidence to support this effect animal evidence suggests dioscorea villosa can increase skin thickness after lowdose supplementation. A number of wild crops remain unexplored in this world and among them some have excellent medicinal and nutritional properties. Dioscorea alata ufifas center for aquatic and invasive. Cultivated yams are vegetatively propagated while wild yams are sexually propagated and comprise both diploid and polyploid species. Other terms for yam are true yams, greater yam, tropical yam, and name. It is grown for their edible tubers, though it has smaller tubers than the more widelycultivated dioscorea. Assessment of metabolic variability and diversity present. This study was aimed at elucidating the decisive structural parameters of amylopectin which govern the gelatinization or pasting behavior of yam starch dispersions, exemplified with four selected yam starches from dioscorea alata and d. This publication is available to download in portable document format from. Lloyd investigated the dioscorea subject, and found that the variety of the vine yielding the drug originally em. Markets and market values of nontimber forest products in. The incidence of rotting among three varieties of yams dioscorea rotunda, d.
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