Other terms for yam are true yams, greater yam, tropical yam, and name. The results indicated that the yam amylopectins examined showed an average degree of polymerization. Covered with large leaves, it can quickly grow into the tops of tall trees. Disease incidence on dioscorea rotundata ranged from 33. Dioscorea plant growing guide how to grow cinnamon vine. Examining the physicochemical, functional and rheological. The incidence of rotting among three varieties of yams dioscorea rotunda, d. View as pdf for printing view as latex for geeks switch colors dioscorea spp. To gain an insight into the genetic diversity and molecular evolution of ymmv, 89 isolates from west africa, asia, south pacific, and america were analyzed phylogenetically by using sequence between the 3. Its ethnopharmacological potential and from the greater himalayas to the plain of ganga. The forests of odisha form a major part of the eastern ghats. A reference highdensity genetic map of greater yam dioscorea.
Dioscorea esculenta, commonly known as the lesser yam, is a yam species native to island southeast asia and introduced to near oceania and east africa by early austronesian voyagers. It is sometimes called chinese potato or by its japanese name nagaimo it is a perennial climbing vine, native to china and east asia. Dioscorea altissima dunguey dioscorea bulbifera air yam dioscorea cayenensis yellow guinea yam dioscorea composita yam dioscorea. Winged yam dioscorea alata is another nonnative, invasive vine in florida. To produce yams for eating or marketing, most farmers in the pacific plant yam setts that weigh 100 to 600 g or more. Enhanced photodegradation of applied dithianon fungicides. The 1980 list was based upon the work of the regional committee in southeast asia and its descriptor numbers are given in parentheses beside the present. Dioscorea sansibarensis pax section macroura, zanzibar yam. Wilson 80 reported progress made at iita during 19751980 on field selections for resistance to tuber yield reduction by fungal leaf diseases caused by. Cultivated yams are vegetatively propagated while wild yams are sexually propagated and comprise both diploid and polyploid species. Improving the food quality of yams dioscorea spp is an ongoing challenge to yam breeders and researchers.
The plant diversity is distributed from the western ghats to eastern ghats, along with the northeastern region and from the greater himalayas to the plain of ganga. Wild yam has a large native range encompassing most of the eastern united states, ending at. One of the beautys of the half hardy perennial dioscorea is its cinnamon fragranced flowers these bloom anytime from spring to autumn variety specific with small white flowers. Three yam species constitute the staple food for more than 60 million people in. Dioscorea alata ufifas center for aquatic and invasive. The microorganisms which caused rotting on experimental reinoculation into yam tubers were the fungi, botryodiplodia theobromae, penicillium sp. However, the photodegradation of the dithianon fungicides on plant leaves and in aqueous solutions or suspensions have not been reported up to now. Plants free fulltext molecular characterization of a. Lloyd investigated the dioscorea subject, and found that the variety of the vine yielding the drug originally em. Basic list of descriptors for edible dioscorea species. Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2008 v.
Dioscorea alata has been selected for leaf virus and scorch tolerance among clones. Field and storage fungi diseases of yam dioscorea spp. They are mostly grown for their starchy tubers both cultivated and wild and for medicinal properties. Examining the physicochemical, functional and rheological properties in flours of farmers 7 key yam dioscorea spp. Yield loss caused by yam mosaic virus ymv and cucumber. Assessment of metabolic variability and diversity present. Yams are starchy staples in the form of large tubers produced by herbaceous annual and perennial trailing vines grown in africa, the americas, the caribbean, south pacific and asia. The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Winged yam is known to have disprupted naturalarea plant communities, particularly coastal hammocks in south florida. The mass variety of yam tuber can be seen from its form, size, color, and taste. Experiments were conducted to assess the potential of two gibberellin inhibitors, uniconazolep and prohexadionecalcium, to induce sprouting in tubers from three varieties of d. The lack of highquality diseasefree seeds is one of the main constraints for the local production of yam. It is grown for their edible tubers, though it has smaller tubers than the more widelycultivated dioscorea.
Therefore, the data on the photodegradation of dithianon. The plants database includes the following 30 species of dioscorea. Difficult experiences 5, first times 2, small group 29 17 copyrights. To date, several viruses of different genera have been reported to infect yam dioscorea spp. This study was aimed at elucidating the decisive structural parameters of amylopectin which govern the gelatinization or pasting behavior of yam starch dispersions, exemplified with four selected yam starches from dioscorea alata and d. Some common dioscorea species of similipal biosphere reserve.
Product description harmonised product code list 07095900 other truffles fresh or chilled 07096010 green chilly freshchilled 07096090 other fruits of the genus capsicum or pimenta 07097000 spinach freshchilled 07099100 globe artichokes, freshchilled 07099200 olives freshchilled 07099300 pumpkins, squash and gourds cucurbita spp. It is closely related to air potato dioscorea bulbifera. A combined approach for detecting yam dioscorea spp. Karakteristik tepung prebiotik umbi uwi dioscorea spp. Markets and market values of nontimber forest products in. In this study, we employed hts on yam to determine whether any undiscovered viruses were present that would. Highthroughput sequencing hts methods are increasingly being used in the discovery of new plant viral genomes. Chinese yam comprising of 7584% starch, 68% crude protein and 1. Yam mild mosaic virus ymmv is prevalent in yams dioscorea spp. How to grow dioscorea plants in your garden gardeners hq guide to growing cinnamon vine, yam, and colic root. The phylogeny of this genus is not yet fully resolved. There are several species in the genus dioscorea that are known as yams. Dioscorea villosa is one of the species of yam referred to as wild yam dioscorea villosa has been claimed to alleviate symptoms of menopause, but there is currently no evidence to support this effect animal evidence suggests dioscorea villosa can increase skin thickness after lowdose supplementation. The genus dioscorea dioscoreaceae contains several economically important species for human consumption, medical and pharmaceutical uses.
Metabolite profiling of dioscorea yam species reveals. A study was carried out on the storage rot of yams dioscorea spp in keffi and environs, nasarawa state. Effect of amylopectin structure on the gelatinization and. For a robust metabolic analysis of these tissues, leaf at fi. This means that they must set aside 10 to 30% of their yam harvest for planting material. A number of wild crops remain unexplored in this world and among them some have excellent medicinal and nutritional properties. It is a highly invasive plant included in the global compendium of weeds randall, 2012, and which creates management problems in many parts.
Storage rot of some yams dioscorea spp in keffi and. The dioscorea spp examined included dioscorea rotundata white yam, d. Material and methodology biological material the present study was undertaken in. The common name for the genus, yams, will be used when discussing information applicable to 2 or more of the above species. The full diversity of viruses infecting yam, however, remains to be explored. Yam is the common name applied to plants of about 500 species of the genus dioscorea of the dioscoreaceae family. Yam traditional pacific island crops research guides. As a result, the relationships between cultivated yams and their wild relatives are not well understood and this negatively affects the understanding of the evolution of cultivated yams.
A reliable means to induce sprouting in dormant seed tubers of yams dioscorea species is required to enhance flexibility in planting date and rate of propagation of the crop. However, only 18 % of the local demand is currently produced on the island. The two most important ones in the pacific are dioscorea alata greater yam, water yam and dioscorea esculenta lesser yam, potato yam. While edible dioscorea species should lack ex ceeding amounts of steroids, a preferably high. Genetic diversity of organoleptic properties in water yam. This publication is available to download in portable document format from. Phytochemistry and therapeutic potential of medicinal.
All reports are erowid and you agree not to download or analyze the report data without contacting erowid center and. Both of these species originated in southeast asia and very early were carried by voyagers into the western pacific and brought d. This effect suggests dioscorea villosa is a potentially useful supplement for skin. The dioscorea genus contains more than 600 species, 14 of which have edible tubers.
Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. In an analysis of 4 wild nepalese yam species, including dioscorea bulbifera, bahndari and kawabata 2004 found that constituent chemicals in the yams \tend to imply thatwild yams may present a health hazard potential, which in turn demands propor processing before consumption to eliminate the effects of the antinutrients. Characterizing diversity in composition and pasting. Thus, although dioscorea was introduced by the thomsonian school in medicine, it became a favorite in the eclectic school, where for decades it has found a cordial reception. Yang mh, chen yy 1982 steroidal sapogenins in dioscorea collettii. Forty accessions of d alata were evaluated for the suitability of their tubers for the preparation of two dominant food forms boiled and pounded as part of an effort to identify potential parents for use in genetic improvement. Five5 towns, kana,kofa gwari, laminga, garaku and kokona in keffi local government area, nasarawa state, nigeria were.
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